Dunning–Kruger effect "We Are All Confident Idiots"
GO TO ORIGINAL LINK FOR PROPER FORMATTING Dunning–Kruger effect In the field of psychology , the Dunning–Kruger effect is a cognitive bias wherein people of low ability suffer from illusory superiority , mistakenly assessing their cognitive ability as greater than it is. The cognitive bias of illusory superiority derives from the metacognitive inability of low-ability persons to recognize their own ineptitude; without the self-awareness of metacognition, low-ability people cannot objectively evaluate their actual competence or incompetence. [1] As described by social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger , the cognitive bias of illusory superiority results from an internal illusion in people of low ability and from an external misperception in people of high ability; that is, "the miscalibration of the incompetent stems from an error about the self, whereas the miscalibration of the highly competent stems from an error about others." [1]